Thursday, January 22, 2015

Thomas Jefferson, America's 3rd President

The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson was symbolized by various firsts in American history.  Besides being the first President to win an election versus an incumbent, he was also the 1st President to enter the White House as a single man, as his wife passed away twenty years before he would lead America. 

As a leader, Jefferson was a stronger writer and thinker, than he was speaker.  He preferred sharing his ideas with the pen as opposed to using his voice.   Jefferson’s strength and ability to eloquently transition his wisdom to paper, led him to compose the initial draft of the Declaration of Independence, which was signed on July 4th, 1776, ironically exactly 50 years before his death on July 4th, 1826.

Prior to becoming President in 1801, Jefferson had a history rich in politics and civic engagement.  Besides being America’s first Secretary of State for President Washington, he also held positions such as former governor of Virginia, former Vice President of America, and former diplomat to France. 

In 1803, through Jefferson’s active negotiation of the Louisiana Purchase, he was instrumental in America purchasing 530 million acres of land from the French at a cost of $15 million. (Presently America is 2.3 billion acres in size, meaning Jefferson’s transaction represents ¼ of the USA).   His appreciation of the value of acquiring strategic land was attributed to him inheriting 5000 acres of land from his father’s death.

Jefferson’s Presidency was a dynamic time for American politics.  Two strong political parties, the Federalists and the Democratic-Republican, were vying for influence and power.   Although America was still young, its challenges were large.  Similar to today’s political climate of Democratic vs. Republican, the two parties of the Federalists and the Democratic-Republican had differing views on how to solve their issues and challenges. 

Surprisingly, at the time of Jefferson’s Presidency, America had a debt of almost $90 million and Jefferson worked diligently to reduce this debt.  With minimal chance for America to engage in war with the French and tensions diffused, Jefferson began to reduce the budget by shrinking military expenses.  His proactive policy of fiscal responsibility reduced the debt by almost 1/3 in a short period of time.

During Jefferson’s Presidency, the state of Ohio was added to the union in 1803, bringing America to 17 states.     Besides Jefferson founding the University of Virginia, he kept himself occupied by being an inventor, writer, linguist, and farmer.  He had a difficult time adjusting to life as widowed man and as such, his grown children and their families would often times occupy the White House with him, as evidenced by his grandson being the first person born in the White House. 

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